How Air-Cooled Chillers Work | HVAC Cooling Explained Air-cooled chillers are one of the most widely used cooling solutions in commercial and industrial HVAC systems. They remove heat from water and reject it directly to the atmosphere using ambient air — eliminating the need for cooling towers. Working Principle of an Air-Cooled Chiller: An air-cooled chiller operates based on the vapor compression refrigeration cycle, which includes four main components: 1. Evaporator – Heat Absorption Warm return chilled water from the building enters the evaporator. Inside the evaporator, refrigerant absorbs heat from the water and evaporates into a low-pressure gas. This process cools the water (typically to 7°C), which is then circulated back to AHUs or FCUs for space cooling. 2. Compressor – Pressure Increase The low-pressure refrigerant gas enters the compressor, where its pressure and temperature increase significantly. This prepares the refrigerant for heat rejection in the condenser. 3...
Gul Bahar Shah
Gul Bahar Shah
Pressure transducer in HVAC systems
A pressure transducer is an electromechanical device that measures gas or liquid pressure and converts it into a proportional electrical signal (voltage or current) for monitoring and control. In HVAC, these sensors are essential for optimizing energy efficiency, managing airflow, and ensuring system safety by monitoring pressure differentials in ducts, filters, and refrigerant lines.
Applications in HVAC Systems
Filter Monitoring (Differential Pressure):
These sensors monitor the pressure drop across air filters. They detect when a filter is clogged and requires replacement by measuring the difference in air pressure before and after the filter, preventing system strain.
VAV (Variable Air Volume) Systems:
Transducers are used in VAV boxes to monitor airflow and pressure to ensure the correct amount of conditioned air is delivered to specific zones.
Static Duct Pressure Control:
They measure the pressure inside supply ducts, allowing the HVAC system to modulate fan speeds and maintain optimal airflow.
Refrigerant Pressure Monitoring:
In chillers and air conditioners, transducers monitor refrigerant pressure in both high and low-pressure sides, ensuring safe operating limits and efficient compressor function.
Building Pressurization/Cleanrooms:
Differential pressure sensors are critical in maintaining specific pressure levels (positive or negative) in cleanrooms, laboratories, or building stairwells to manage air quality and safety
Types of Pressure Transducers in HVAC
Differential Pressure:
Measures the difference between two points (e.g., across a filter or fan).
Gauge Pressure:
Measures pressure relative to atmospheric pressure (e.g., refrigerant pressure).
Absolute Pressure:
Measures pressure relative to a perfect vacuum.
Applications in HVAC Systems
Filter Monitoring (Differential Pressure):
These sensors monitor the pressure drop across air filters. They detect when a filter is clogged and requires replacement by measuring the difference in air pressure before and after the filter, preventing system strain.
VAV (Variable Air Volume) Systems:
Transducers are used in VAV boxes to monitor airflow and pressure to ensure the correct amount of conditioned air is delivered to specific zones.
Static Duct Pressure Control:
They measure the pressure inside supply ducts, allowing the HVAC system to modulate fan speeds and maintain optimal airflow.
Refrigerant Pressure Monitoring:
In chillers and air conditioners, transducers monitor refrigerant pressure in both high and low-pressure sides, ensuring safe operating limits and efficient compressor function.
Building Pressurization/Cleanrooms:
Differential pressure sensors are critical in maintaining specific pressure levels (positive or negative) in cleanrooms, laboratories, or building stairwells to manage air quality and safety
Types of Pressure Transducers in HVAC
Differential Pressure:
Measures the difference between two points (e.g., across a filter or fan).
Gauge Pressure:
Measures pressure relative to atmospheric pressure (e.g., refrigerant pressure).
Absolute Pressure:
Measures pressure relative to a perfect vacuum.
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