All Major Cycles in a Chilled Water System In a chilled water HVAC system , the major thermodynamic and fluid-flow cycles can be understood as follows: 1. Chilled Water (CHW) Cycle This is the primary HVAC water circulation loop: Chiller → CHW Pump → AHU/FCU Cooling Coil → Return CHW → Chiller Chiller produces chilled water, typically around 6–7°C . CHW pump circulates water to AHUs/FCUs. Cooling coils absorb heat from the air. Water returns warmer, typically 11–12°C . The chiller removes the absorbed heat and repeats the cycle. Typical ΔT: 5–6°C. 2. Refrigerant Cycle Inside the chiller, the refrigerant follows the basic vapor-compression cycle: Compressor → Condenser → Expansion Valve → Evaporator → Compressor Component Main Function Compressor Raises refrigerant pressure and temperature Condenser Rejects heat from refrigerant Expansion Valve Reduces refrigerant pressure/temperature Evaporator Absorbs heat from chilled water 3. Condenser Water Cycle ...
SPILL MANAGEMENT DON’T WAIT, CONTROL IT A spill is not just a housekeeping issue. If it is not controlled quickly and correctly, it can create slip hazards, fire risks, chemical exposure, equipment damage, soil contamination, and environmental pollution. 🌍⚠️ 👷♂️ WHAT SHOULD YOU DO WHEN A SPILL OCCURS? 🔴 1. ASSESS THE SITUATION Identify the substance, approximate quantity, source, location and potential hazards before approaching the spill. 🛑 2. STOP THE SOURCE — IF SAFE Isolate or stop the leak only when it can be done without exposing yourself or others to danger. 🟠 3. PROTECT PEOPLE & ISOLATE THE AREA Keep unauthorized personnel away. Use warning signs, barriers or cones where required. 🟡 4. WEAR THE CORRECT PPE Use chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles/face protection, suitable footwear and protective clothing according to the chemical hazard. 🟢 5. CONTAIN THE SPILL Use spill pads, absorbent materials, socks, booms, dikes or other approved containment methods t...