CHLORINATION DOSE | Safe Disinfection for Clean & Healthy Water Chlorination is one of the most widely used methods for disinfecting water. It helps control harmful microorganisms and maintain an adequate chlorine residual throughout the water distribution system. 🔹 Key Parameters • Typical chlorine dose: 0.5–2.0 mg/L as Cl₂ • Contact time: ≥ 30 minutes • Free chlorine residual: 0.2–0.5 mg/L • Effective pH range: 6.5–8.0 • Actual dose should be based on chlorine demand + required residual 🧮 Practical Chlorine Dosing Formula D = (C × Q) / 1,000 Where: D = Chlorine required (kg/day) C = Chlorine dose (mg/L) Q = Water flow (m³/day) 📌 Example For: C = 1 mg/L Q = 10,000 m³/day D = (1 × 10,000) / 1,000 D = 10 kg/day of available chlorine ⚠️ Important: This is the theoretical chlorine requirement. In actual water treatment, the applied dose may need to be higher because chlorine is consumed by organic matter, ammonia, iron, manganese, and other substances. 🧪 Chlorine Demand ...
CHLORINATION DOSE | Safe Disinfection for Clean & Healthy Water
Chlorination is one of the most widely used methods for disinfecting water. It helps control harmful microorganisms and maintain an adequate chlorine residual throughout the water distribution system.
🔹 Key Parameters
• Typical chlorine dose: 0.5–2.0 mg/L as Cl₂
• Contact time: ≥ 30 minutes
• Free chlorine residual: 0.2–0.5 mg/L
• Effective pH range: 6.5–8.0
• Actual dose should be based on chlorine demand + required residual
🧮 Practical Chlorine Dosing Formula
D = (C × Q) / 1,000
Where:
D = Chlorine required (kg/day)
C = Chlorine dose (mg/L)
Q = Water flow (m³/day)
📌 Example
For:
C = 1 mg/L
Q = 10,000 m³/day
D = (1 × 10,000) / 1,000
D = 10 kg/day of available chlorine
⚠️ Important: This is the theoretical chlorine requirement. In actual water treatment, the applied dose may need to be higher because chlorine is consumed by organic matter, ammonia, iron, manganese, and other substances.
🧪 Chlorine Demand Adjustment
A practical approach is:
Required chlorine dose = Chlorine demand + Target residual
For example:
• Chlorine demand = 0.8 mg/L
• Required residual = 0.3 mg/L
Therefore:
Required dose = 0.8 + 0.3 = 1.1 mg/L
For 10,000 m³/day:
D = (1.1 × 10,000) / 1,000 = 11 kg/day
💧 Dilution / Chlorine Solution Example
If using 10% sodium hypochlorite solution:
10% available chlorine ≈ 100 g/L
If the required available chlorine is 11 kg/day:
Solution required = 11,000 g ÷ 100 g/L = 110 L/day
Therefore, approximately 110 L/day of 10% sodium hypochlorite would provide 11 kg/day of available chlorine, subject to the actual product concentration and density.
✅ Good Practice
Proper chlorination should consider:
• Chlorine demand
• Water temperature
• pH
• Contact time
• Flow rate
• Required free chlorine residual
• Type and concentration of chlorine product
• Water quality and organic load
The goal is not simply to add chlorine—it is to achieve effective disinfection while maintaining the required residual safely throughout the system.
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