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Dry Pipe Sprinkler System – Working Principle

Gul Bahar Shah
 Dry Pipe Sprinkler System – Working Principle A Dry Pipe Sprinkler System is an automatic fire protection system designed primarily for areas where low or freezing temperatures could cause water-filled sprinkler pipes to freeze and become damaged. It is commonly used in locations such as cold storage areas, unheated spaces, parking areas, warehouses, and other temperature-sensitive environments. How the System Works Under normal conditions, the sprinkler piping is not filled with water . Instead, the pipes are maintained with pressurized air or nitrogen . Water is held on the supply side of a dry pipe valve , which prevents water from entering the sprinkler piping until the system is activated. When a fire occurs, the heat generated by the fire causes the nearest sprinkler head to reach its operating temperature. The sprinkler head then opens, releasing the pressurized air or nitrogen from the piping. As the compressed air pressure decreases, the pressure difference across t...
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Facilities Management Life Cycle

Gul Bahar Shah

 Facilities Management Life Cycle 



Facilities Management is defined by ISO 41001 as “the organizational function that integrates people, place, and process within the built environment to improve the quality of life of people and the productivity of the core business.”


Aligned with ISO 55000 (Asset Management), FM manages assets across their entire life cycle, from planning to end of life, ensuring value, performance, and risk control.


The FM life cycle typically includes: 


 • Planning & Design – ensuring maintainability, compliance, and life-cycle cost efficiency


• Construction & Handover commissioning, asset data, and operational readiness


• Operation & PPM reliability, safety, and performance in line with statutory requirements


• Performance Optimization KPI monitoring, energy management, and continuous improvement


• Renewal & End-of-Life refurbishment, replacement, and sustainable disposal

Effective FM, when aligned with international standards, extends asset life, reduces operational risk, and protects long-term asset value.

Safety

Facilities Management

ISO41001

ISO55000

Asset

Lifecycle

PPM

 



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