Chiller & Boiler Pump Location – Upstream or Downstream? Let’s Settle This Debate One of the recurring questions I hear from engineers, operators, and even contractors on site is: 👉 “Should pumps be located upstream or downstream of chillers and boilers?” At first glance, it feels like a simple “rule-of-thumb” answer. But in reality, it’s a nuanced design decision guided by hydronic principles, ASHRAE handbooks, and equipment manufacturer limits. Let’s break it down 👇 🌡️ Chilled Water Systems Low- to Mid-Rise Buildings: Pumps are often placed upstream of the chiller evaporator (on the return side). ✅ Benefits: Pump heat is absorbed by the chiller, positive NPSH margin, and evaporator stays flooded. 🔎 Backed by: Trane Engineers Newsletter & ASHRAE guidance. High-Rise or Pressure-Limited Plants: Pumps are placed downstream of the chiller evaporator (on the supply side). ✅ Benefits: Prevents adding pump head across the chiller tubes (protects pressure rating). ❌ Drawback...
With his brace, Cristiano Ronaldo gets closer to 1,000 goals. 11:27 PM on November 29, 2024 Al Nassr defeated Damac 2-0 thanks to a brace from Cristiano Ronaldo, securing third place in the Saudi league, five points behind leaders Al Ittihad, captained by Karim Benzema. The Portuguese player is getting closer to the historic 1,000-goal mark after reaching 915 goals in his career. Promotion The Horror-Filled Real Madrid Schedule An invincible Cristiano Remove After Abdelkader Bedrane handballed inside the box, the Portuguese legend scored the first goal with a penalty in the seventeenth minute. Cristiano Ronaldo steadily approached the milestone of 1,000 career goals with his successful spot-kick, showcasing his amazing scoring record.